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TOUGH

TOUGH Research Papers

• TOUGH2 References (pdf)
• iTOUGH2 References
• Peer-Reviewed Journals: Special Issues on TOUGH
  • Transport in Porous Media, Volume 90, Number 1, October 2011
  • Computers and Geosciences, Volume 37, Issue 6, Pages 713-790, June 2011
  • Nuclear Technology, Volume 164, Number 2, November 2008
  • Vadose Zone Journal, Volume 7, Issue 1, February 2008
  • Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 48, Issue 6, June 2007
  • Vadose Zone Journal, Volume 3, Issue 3, August 2004
  • Geothermics, Volume 33, Issue 4, August 2004

TOUGH Review Articles, Verification and Validation Reports, Code Comparison Studies

• Baca, R.G., Seth, M.S., 1996. Benchmark testing of thermohydrologic computer codes. Report CNWRA 96-003, Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses, San Antonia, Texas, pp. 45.
• Birkle, P., 2011. Advances in geochemical modeling for geothermal applications. In: Bundschuh, J., Zilberbrand, M. (Eds.), Geochemical modeling of groundwater, vadose and geothermal systems, ISBN 978-0-415-66810-1CRC Press, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 332.
• Finsterle, S., Multiphase inverse modeling: Review and iTOUGH2 applications. Vadose Zone J., 3: 747–762, 2004.
• Finsterle, S., C. Doughty, M.B. Kowalsky, G.J. Moridis, L. Pan, T. Xu, Y. Zhang, and K. Pruess, Advanced vadose zone simulations using TOUGH, Vadose Zone J., 7: 601–609, doi:10.2136/vzj2007.0059, 2008.
• Finsterle, S., M.B. Kowalsky, and K. Pruess, TOUGH: Model use, calibration and validation, Transactions of the ASABE, 55(4), 1275–1290, 2012.
• Hudson, J.A., Bäckström, A., Rutqvist, J., Jing, L., Backers, T., Chijimatsu, M., Christiansson, R., Feng, X.-T., Kobayashi, A., Koyama, T., Lee, H.-S., Neretnieks, I., Pan, P.Z., Rinne, M., Shen, B.T., 2009. Characterising and modelling the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) in crystalline rock in the context of radioactive waste disposal. Environmental Geology 57, 1275–1291.
• MDH Engineered Solutions Corporation, Evaluation of Computer Models for Predicting the Fate and Transport of Hydrocarbons in Soil and Groundwater, Pub No. 808, ISBN No. 0-7785-4040-5, May 2005.
• Oldenburg, C.M., Law, D.H.-S., LeGallo, Y., White, S.P., 2003. Mixing of CO₂ and CH₄ in gas reservoirs: code comparison studies. Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 1, 443–448.
• O’Sullivan, M.J., Pruess, K., Lippmann, M.J., 2001. State of the art of geothermal reservoir simulation. Geothermics 30, 395–429.
• Pruess, K., The TOUGH codes—a family of simulation tools for multiphase flow and transport processes in permeable media. Vadose Zone J., 3: 738–746, 2004.
• Pruess, K., S. Finsterle, G. Moridis, C. Oldenburg and Y.-S. Wu, General-purpose reservoir simulators: the TOUGH2 family, GRC Bulletin, 53–57. February 1997.
• Pruess, K., J. García, T. Kovscek, C. Oldenburg, J. Rutqvist, C. Steefel and T. Xu. Code Intercomparison Builds Confidence in Numerical Simulation Models for Geologic Disposal of CO₂. Energy, 29 (9-10): 1431-1444, 2004.