TOUGH History
Historical Overview of TOUGH Simulators
| Simulator | Description |
|
Key Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| MULKOM | Research code for nonisothermal multiphase, multicomponent flows of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids | No public release | Pruess (1983) |
| TOUGH | Nonisothermal flow of water and air in aqueous and gaseous phase | 1987 | Pruess (1987) |
| TOUGH2 | Nonisothermal flow of water and NCG in aqueous and gaseous phase | 1991 | Pruess (1991) |
| iTOUGH | Inverse modeling for TOUGH | No public release | Finsterle (1992) |
| T2VOC | Nonisothermal flow of water, air and VOCs in aqueous, gaseous and NAPL phase for environmental applications | 1995 | Falta et al. (1995) |
| iTOUGH2 | Inverse modeling, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty propagation analysis for TOUGH2 (Pruess, 1991) and additional EOS modules |
1997 |
Finsterle (1997abc) |
| TOUGH2 V2 | Nonisothermal multiphase, multicomponent flow |
1999 |
Pruess et al. (1999) |
| TMVOC | Nonisothermal flow of water, air, multiples VOCs and NCGs in aqueous, gaseous, and NAPL phase |
2002 |
Pruess and Battistelli (2002) |
| TOUGHREACT | Nonisothermal multiphase flow and reactive transport including equilibrium and kinetic mineral dissolution and precipitation, chemically active gases, intra-aqueous and sorption reaction kinetics and biodegradation | 2004 |
Xu and Pruess (2001) Xu et al. (2004) |
| ECO2N | EOS module for sub- and supercritical CO2 | 2005 | Pruess (2005) |
| TOUGH+ | Re-engineered and expanded version of TOUGH2 simulator, specifically for the simulation of hydrate-bearing geologic media. | 2008 | |
| TOUGH-FLAC |
Research code for coupled multiphase flow and thermal-geomechanical processes; links TOUGH2 and FLAC3D (Itasca Consulting Group, 1997) |
No public release | Rutqvist et al. (2002) |
| TOUGH-MP | Massively parallel version of TOUGH2 | 2008 | Zhang et al. (2008) |
| TOUGH2 V2.1 | Nonisothermal multiphase, multicomponent flow | 2011 | Pruess et al. (1999/2011) |
| ECO2M | Multiphase flow of sub- and supercritical CO2 | 2011 | Pruess (2011) |
|
NAPL: nonaqueous phase liquid; NCG: noncondensible gas; VOC: volatile organic compound |
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